Or more simply in a terminal ls -a the runnable files will show as green,
this will include windows ones if you have wine installed but they will show
an .exe or .com extention.
Some linux files come as bin files, (probably the closest to a windows
executable) googleearth springs to mind here, and need to be given permission
to run. The best advice is to forget the windows thinking of the executable
program and switch your thinking as to the linux way, you will get a lot
further without that anchor.