If it does not work in both Windows or Linux then it is unlikely to be a
codec issue. It is more likely a disk issue or recording issue, IMO. Media
varies widely in my experience and some recorded disks do not work well in
some machines. My Panasonic (oldest of three recorders) likes one brand and
is finicky about others and it only supports -R. My Samsung which is newer
does not care what disk or format (+R, -R, etc). My Lite On likes a
different brand from the Panasonic. As a result I buy name brand + and -R
disks and have them beside the machine they work best with. Like you I have
a stack on disks that will not work in all machines. I have another stack
made in machines that have gone to the scrap yard and will not work in my
existing machines. Some will work on my computer and some will not.

This is just my thoughts. You can chase around after codecs if you want but
think that it won't matter in the end. It is your time. I would try to
experiment a bit with different media. Disks are cheap. Use re-recordable
ones if you want to save money. Make sure you finalise or close the session
so that it can play on all machines.